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Handling cookies in ASP .NET
How to create a cookie, how to get the value stored in a cookie, set the lifetime, path and domain for a cookie, edit a cookie, delete a cookie, remove subkeys from a cookie...
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On Tuesday, August 3rd 2004 at 02:12 AM
By Andrew Pociu (View Profile)
  (Rated 4.4 with 139 votes) |
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Here's a tutorial that shows you how to use cookies in ASP .NET. I'm not going to explain the role of cookies in web applications or cover any other theoretical aspect of cookies. There are many (similar) ways to handle cookies in ASP .NET. I'm only going to show you one of the ways, my way. Oh, and we're going to use C#, although the code can be adapted to Visual Basic .NET easily.
How to create a cookie.
Here's a new cookie named cakes.
HttpCookie myCookie = new HttpCookie("cakes"); |
We created the cookie but there are no keys with values in it, so for now it's useless. So let's add some:
myCookie.Values.Add("muffin", "chocolate");
myCookie.Values.Add("babka", "cinnamon"); |
We also need to add the cookie to the cookie collection (consider it a cookie jar  ):
Response.Cookies.Add(myCookie); |
How to get the value stored in a cookie.
Here's how to get the keys and values stored in a cookie:
Response.Write(myCookie.Value.ToString()); |
The output to using this with the previous created cookie is this: "muffin=chocolate&babka=cinnamon".
However, most of the time you'll want to get the value stored at a specific key. If we want to find the value stored at our babka key, we use this:
Response.Write(myCookie["babka"].ToString()); |
Set the lifetime for a cookie.
You can easily set the time when a cookie expires. We'll set the Expires property of myCookie to the current time + 12 hours:
myCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(12); |
This cookie will expire in twelve hours starting now. You could as well make it expire after a week:
myCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(7); |
Also note that if you don't set a cookie's expiration date & time a transient cookie will be created - a cookie which only exists in the current browser instance. So if you want the cookie to be stored as a file you need to set this property.
Setting the cookie's path.
Sometimes you'll want to set a path for a cookie so that it will be available only for that path in your website (ex.: www.geekpedia.com/forums). You can set a cookie's path with the Path property:
myCookie.Path = "/forums"; |
Setting the domain for a cookie.
Perhaps instead of using http://www.geekpedia.com/forums path style to your forums, you would use a subdomain like http://forums.geekpedia.com. The Domain property should do it:
myCookie.Domain = "forums.geekpedia.com"; |
How to edit a cookie.
You don't actually edit a cookie, you simply overwrite it by creating a new cookie with the same key(s).
How to destroy / delete a cookie.
There's no method called Delete which deletes the cookie you want. What you can do if you have to get rid of a cookie is to set its expiration date to a date that has already passed, for example a day earlier. This way the browser will destroy it.
myCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1); |
How to remove a subkey from a cookie.
This is one of the problems I encountered with cookies. Fortunately I found an answer on MSDN. You can use the Remove method:
myCookie.Values.Remove("babka"); |
However, you don't usually remove a subkey immediatly after creating it, so first we need to retrieve the cookie, remove the subkey and then add it back to the Cookies collection:
// Get the cookie from the collection (jar)
myCookie = Request.Cookies["cakes"];
// Remove the key 'babka'
myCookie.Values.Remove("babka");
// Add the cookie back to the collection (jar)
Response.Cookies.Add(myCookie);
// See what's in the cookie now
Response.Write(myCookie.Values.ToString()); |
Of course I suppose you used the code we created earlier (the one with the chocolate muffin and the cinnamon babka), therefore if you test the code now you'll see the result is 'muffin=chocolate' - we got rid of the babka! |
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